Tamilnadu State has been traditionally vulnerable to natural disasters on account of its unique Geo - Climatic Conditions. Floods, droughts, cyclones are recurrent phenomena. While not all Natural Calamities can be predicted and prevented in advance, with a state of preparedness and ability to respond quickly to mitigate loss of life and property and the human suffering, normalcy can be restored at the earliest. It is, therefore, of paramount importance that a plan of action for dealing with contingencies that arise in the wake of natural calamities is formulated and periodically updated.

The Four Phases of Emergency Management

|   Prevention & Mitigation– Preventing Future emergencies and minimizing their effects | .     Includes any of the activities that prevent and reduce the  chance  of   emergency  happening,  or  reduce the damaging effects of unavoidable emergencies. .    Mitigation activities such as desilting and strengthening of bunds in the lakes, tanks and channels, repair works of  sluice  and  shutters,  construction  of  culverts  and drainage for free flow of water are undertaken   before and after emergencies. | | --- | --- | |     Preparedness -preparing to handle emergency | .     Includes plans or Preparations made to save lives, in response and rescue Operations. .    Conducting   of   mock   drills,   renovation   of   shelters, lighting facilities and sanitary arrangements. .     Evacuation   plans   and   Stocking   of   medicine,  food materials and protected drinking Water are examples for preparedness | |         Response -   Responding Safely to an emergency | .     Includes actions taken to save lives and prevent further property damage in an emergency situation. Response is putting preparedness plans into action. .    Seeking shelter from a cyclone or turning off gas Valves in an earthquake are both response activities. .    On the  prediction of cyclone/flood, the general  public shall be alerted to evacuate to safe shelter .     Response  activities  take  place  during  an  emergency. Drinking water shall be chlorinated. All basic amenities, medicines, food materials shall be provided. | |       Relief  & Recovery - Recovering from an emergency | .     Includes actions taken to return to a normal or an even safer situation following disaster. .     Damage of huts and crops shall  be assessed by the official team and recommend for the financial assistane. .     Recovery  activities  take  place  after  an  emergency. Basic amenities in the habitations shall be restored at first. |